Concept
Libido
The energy of the sexual drive, which Freud treated as a quantity that can be invested in objects or in the ego, displaced, dammed up, fixated and transformed. In Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie (1905) it passes through a series of organisations from early childhood on; in Zur Einführung des Narzißmus (1914) Freud distinguished ego-libido from object-libido; after 1920 he placed it within Eros, the life drives. Jung widened the term to mean psychic energy in general, a step Freud rejected.
Development
1905
introduced by Sigmund Freud
The word was in use among sexologists, and Freud had used it in his papers on anxiety neurosis in the 1890s; the Three Essays make it the psychoanalytic name for the energy of the sexual drive, which the 1915 section on the libido theory and the 1914 paper on narcissism divide into ego-libido and object-libido.
In Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905);On Narcissism: An Introduction (1914)
Relations
- 1905 introduced by Sigmund Freud
The word was in use among sexologists, and Freud had used it in his papers on anxiety neurosis in the 1890s; the Three Essays make it the psychoanalytic name for the energy of the sexual drive, which the 1915 section on the libido theory and the 1914 paper on narcissism divide into ego-libido and object-libido.
Works
- 1905
Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality
Freud's three essays, published by Deuticke in 1905, deal with the sexual aberrations, with infantile sexuality and with the transformations of puberty. Together they argue that the sexual drive is present from infancy, that it is made up of component drives bound to erotogenic zones, and that it reaches its adult genital form only through a course of development. Later editions added an account of the pregenital organisations of the libido.
- 1914
On Narcissism: An Introduction
Freud's 1914 essay, published in the Jahrbuch der Psychoanalyse, treats narcissism as a normal state of the libido. It sets the libido invested in the ego against the libido invested in objects, and primary narcissism against secondary narcissism. It contrasts two types of object-choice, the anaclitic and the narcissistic, introduces the concept of the ego ideal, and separates sublimation, which concerns the drive, from idealization, which concerns the object.
See also
People
References
- Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality1905Evidence for a relation
- On Narcissism: An Introduction1914Evidence for a relation