Article
Notes upon a Case of Obsessional Neurosis
Bemerkungen über einen Fall von Zwangsneurose
Freud's case history of the "Rat Man", published in 1909 in the second half of the first volume of the Jahrbuch für psychoanalytische und psychopathologische Forschungen. The patient, a young lawyer, was tormented by obsessional fears that a punishment involving rats would befall his father, who was already dead, and the lady he admired. The paper falls into two parts: the first presents extracts from the treatment, the second sets out a theory of obsessional neurosis. Freud traces the patient's compulsions and doubts to an intense ambivalence of love and hate toward his father, to sexual experiences and punishments in childhood, and to a belief in the omnipotence of thoughts, and he shows how obsessional thinking hides its meaning through displacement, isolation and the distortion of wording.
Main ideas
- The patient's central obsession is the fear that a punishment with rats will befall his father, though already dead, and the lady he admires.
- The paper pairs extracts from the treatment with a theoretical account of obsessional neurosis.
- Compulsions and doubts are traced to an intense ambivalence of love and hate toward the father.
- Childhood sexual experiences and punishments, and the omnipotence of thoughts, also shape the neurosis.
- Obsessional thinking disguises its meaning through displacement, isolation and distortion of wording.