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Concept

Also known as Widerstand

Whatever obstructs access to unconscious material or the progress of the treatment.

Defense 1895 Freud identifies the resistance met in treatment with the same force of the ego that first repelled the incompatible idea: resistance is defence as it shows itself in the work of recall.

Sigmund Freud 1895 In his chapter on the psychotherapy of hysteria, Freud infers from the effort that pressing patients to recall cost him that his work had to overcome a psychical force in the patient that opposes the pathogenic ideas becoming conscious, and names it resistance.

Sigmund Freud 1912 Freud makes resistance a constant of the treatment, present in every association as a compromise with the forces aiming at recovery, and shows how transference is put in its service: the transference to the doctor serves resistance when it is negative, or positive but made of repressed erotic impulses.
Sigmund Freud 1926 Within the structural model, Freud ties resistance to the ego's counter-cathexis and distinguishes five kinds from three sources: repression resistance, transference resistance and the gain from illness in the ego; the resistance of the id, which calls for working through; and the super-ego's resistance, from the need for punishment.